圍護結構的保溫性能通常是指在冬季室內外條件下，圍護結構阻止由室內向室外傳熱，從而使室內保持適當溫度的能力。圍護結構的隔熱性能通常是指在夏季自然通風情況下，圍護結構在室外綜合溫度和室內空氣溫度波作用下，其內表面保持較低溫度的能力。
　　圍護結構的保溫性能和隔熱性能兩者的主要區別在于：
　　（1）傳熱過程不同：保溫性能反應的是冬季由室內向室外的傳熱過程，通常按穩定傳熱考慮。隔熱性能反應的是夏季由室外向室內以及由室內向室外的傳熱過程，通常按以24h為周期的波動傳熱來考慮。
　　（2）評價指標不同：保溫性能通常用圍護結構的傳熱系數K值或傳熱阻R值來評價；隔熱性能通常用夏季室外和室內計算條件下，圍護結構內表面最高溫度來評價。如果在同樣的夏季室外和室內計算條件下，其內表面最高溫度不大于當地夏季室外計算最高溫度，則認為符合夏季隔熱要求。
　　（3）構(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)措(cuo)施不同(tong)：由于(yu)(yu)圍(wei)護(hu)結構(gou)(gou)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要取(qu)決于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)系數K值(zhi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)阻(zu)R的(de)大(da)小，而(er)圍(wei)護(hu)結構(gou)(gou)的(de)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要取(qu)決于(yu)(yu)夏季室外和(he)(he)室內(nei)(nei)計(ji)算(suan)條件下內(nei)(nei)表面(mian)最高溫(wen)(wen)度的(de)高低。對于(yu)(yu)外墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)來說，由多(duo)(duo)孔(kong)(kong)輕(qing)(qing)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)材料構(gou)(gou)成的(de)輕(qing)(qing)型(xing)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)(duo)孔(kong)(kong)輕(qing)(qing)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)材料內(nei)(nei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，其(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)系數K值(zhi)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小，或(huo)(huo)(huo)其(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)阻(zu)R值(zhi)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，即(ji)其(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好，但因其(qi)(qi)實輕(qing)(qing)質(zhi)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，熱(re)(re)(re)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)因其(qi)(qi)是(shi)輕(qing)(qing)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)材料內(nei)(nei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，其(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)側(ce)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)，在夏季室外綜合(he)溫(wen)(wen)度和(he)(he)室內(nei)(nei)空氣溫(wen)(wen)度波(bo)作用下，內(nei)(nei)表面(mian)溫(wen)(wen)度容易(yi)升(sheng)得(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高，即(ji)其(qi)(qi)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)。也就是(shi)說，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)通常(chang)受(shou)構(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)次排(pai)列的(de)影響較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小，而(er)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)受(shou)構(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)次排(pai)列的(de)影響較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)。相同(tong)材料和(he)(he)厚度的(de)復合(he)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，內(nei)(nei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)構(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)；外保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)構(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好。造(zao)(zao)(zao)成上述情況的(de)原因從保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)計(ji)算(suan)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)(he)計(ji)算(suan)結果中可以了解得(de)更為清(qing)楚(chu)。

標簽：